AirTrapMine/src/GUI/gui.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import rclpy
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout,
                            QWidget, QLabel, QSplitter, QScrollArea,
                            QSizePolicy, QTabWidget, QTableWidget, QTableWidgetItem,
                            QHeaderView, QPushButton, QCheckBox, QLineEdit,
                            QComboBox, QDialog, QPlainTextEdit, QSlider)
from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt, QTimer, QObject, pyqtSignal, QEvent
from PyQt6.QtGui import QColor, QFont
import sys
import asyncio
import json
import subprocess
import time
import traceback
import re


def _log(level, message):
    print(f"[{level}] {message}", flush=True)


# 導入分離的類別
from communication import DroneMonitor, UDPMavlinkReceiver, WebSocketMavlinkReceiver
from map_layout import DroneMap
from drone_panel import DronePanel, SocketGroupPanel
from comm_panel import CommPanel
from overview_table import OverviewTable

# ================================================================================
# 導入任務規劃器、執行器、發送器、群組
# ================================================================================
from mission_planner import FormationPlanner, MissionType
from command_sender import MavlinkSender, Ros2CommandSender
from mission_executor import MissionExecutor, MissionState
from mission_group import (
    MissionGroup, GroupPanel, DroneAssignDialog, GROUP_COLORS,
    DEFAULT_MISSION_PARAM_VALUES
)
# ================================================================================


class StreamRedirector(QObject):
    """將 stdout/stderr 同步轉發到 Qt UI。"""
    text_written = pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, original_stream=None, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.original_stream = original_stream
        self._buffer = ""

    def write(self, text):
        if self.original_stream:
            self.original_stream.write(text)

        if not text:
            return

        self._buffer += text
        while "\n" in self._buffer:
            line, self._buffer = self._buffer.split("\n", 1)
            line = line.strip()
            if line:
                self.text_written.emit(line)

    def flush(self):
        if self.original_stream:
            self.original_stream.flush()

        line = self._buffer.strip()
        if line:
            self.text_written.emit(line)
        self._buffer = ""

class ControlStationUI(QMainWindow):
    VERSION = '2.2.0'
    FONT_SCALE_MIN = 70
    FONT_SCALE_MAX = 180
    FONT_SCALE_DEFAULT = 100
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle(f'GCS v{self.VERSION}')
        self.resize(1400, 900)

        # 初始化消息隊列（用於線程安全的 GUI 更新）
        import queue
        self.message_queue = queue.Queue()

        # 初始化ROS2 Monitor（ROS2 本身在 main() 中已初始化）
        self.monitor = DroneMonitor()
        self.monitor.signals.update_signal.connect(self.update_ui)
        
        # ROS执行器配置
        self.executor = rclpy.executors.SingleThreadedExecutor()
        self.executor.add_node(self.monitor)
        
        # 將執行器註冊到 DroneMonitor，以便動態創建的 CommandLongClient 能被添加
        self.monitor.executor = self.executor
        
        # 定时处理ROS事件
        self.timer = QTimer()
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.spin_ros)
        self.timer.start(10)
        
        # 驅動 asyncio 事件循環的定時器（新增 - 關鍵！）
        # 這允許異步任務（如 arm_drone）能夠執行
        self.asyncio_timer = QTimer()
        self.asyncio_timer.timeout.connect(self._spin_asyncio)
        self.asyncio_timer.start(10)  # 每 10ms 驅動一次 asyncio
        
        # 初始化 panel 和 map 更新（10Hz）
        self.panel_map_timer = QTimer()
        self.panel_map_timer.timeout.connect(self._update_panel_and_map)
        self.panel_map_timer.start(100)  # 10Hz
        
        # 消息隊列處理定時器（來自線程的 GUI 更新）
        self.msg_queue_timer = QTimer()
        self.msg_queue_timer.timeout.connect(self._process_message_queue)
        self.msg_queue_timer.start(50)  # 每 50ms 檢查一次
        
        # 快取消息數據，以便在沒有新消息時使用上一次的值
        self._message_cache = {}
        self.message_history = []
        self.max_message_history = 500
        
        # 初始化UI
        self.drones = {}
        self.socket_groups = {}
        self.socket_types = {}
        
        self.socket_colors = {
            '0': '#00BFFF',  # 天藍色 (DeepSkyBlue)
            '1': '#FFD700',  # 金色 (Gold)
            '2': '#FF6969',  # 淺紅色 (Light Red)
            '3': '#FF69B4',  # 熱粉紅 (HotPink)
            '4': '#00FA9A',  # 中春綠 (MediumSpringGreen)
            '5': '#9370DB',  # 中紫色 (MediumPurple) - 串口
            '6': '#FFA500',  # 橙色 (Orange)
            '7': '#20B2AA',  # 淺海綠 (LightSeaGreen)
            '8': '#7CFC00',  # 草綠色 (LawnGreen)
            '9': '#FF8C00',  # 深橙色 (DarkOrange)
            'default': '#AAAAAA'  # 灰色
        }

        self.drone_positions = {}
        self.drone_headings = {}
        # 初始化地圖
        self.drone_map = DroneMap()
        # 初始化連接列表
        self.udp_receivers = []
        self.udp_connections = []
        self.ws_connections = []
        self.serial_receivers = []
        self.serial_connections = []
        
        # ================================================================================
        # 初始化任務規劃器
        # ================================================================================
        self.mission_planner = FormationPlanner(
            spacing=5.0,           # 5 公尺間距
            base_altitude=10.0,    # 基準高度 10 公尺
            altitude_diff=2.0      # 高低差 2 公尺
        )
        # ================================================================================

        # ================================================================================
        # 初始化指令發送器（所有群組共用）
        # ================================================================================
        # 走 ROS2 /fc_network/vehicle/pos_global_int service；per-drone client + asyncio polling
        self.command_sender = Ros2CommandSender(monitor=self.monitor)
        # ================================================================================

        # ================================================================================
        # 多任務群組管理
        # ================================================================================
        self.mission_groups = {}        # group_id → MissionGroup
        self.group_panels = {}          # group_id → GroupPanel
        self.active_group_id = None     # 當前 active 的 group
        self._group_counter = 0         # 用來產生 group_id
        self._pending_box_assign = None # 框選後直接分配到的 group_id
        # ================================================================================
        self.global_mission_defaults = dict(DEFAULT_MISSION_PARAM_VALUES)
        self.font_scale = self.FONT_SCALE_DEFAULT / 100.0
        self.pending_font_scale = self.font_scale
        self._font_scale_applying = False
        self._base_app_font = QFont(QApplication.instance().font())
        
        self.init_ui()
        self._setup_stream_redirector()
        app = QApplication.instance()
        app.setProperty("font_scale", self.font_scale)
        app.setProperty("base_app_font", self._base_app_font)
        app.installEventFilter(self)

    def init_ui(self):
        main_splitter = QSplitter(Qt.Orientation.Horizontal)
        self.main_splitter = main_splitter

        # 左側 TabWidget
        self.left_tab = QTabWidget()

        # — 分頁 1：Drone Panel
        self.drone_panel_container = QWidget()
        self.drone_panel_layout = QVBoxLayout(self.drone_panel_container)
        self.drone_panel_layout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignTop)
        self.drone_panel_layout.setSpacing(0)
        self.drone_panel_layout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10)
        
        scroll = QScrollArea()
        scroll.setWidget(self.drone_panel_container)
        scroll.setWidgetResizable(True)
        self.left_tab.addTab(scroll, "無人載具")
        
        # — 分頁 2：Overview Table
        self.overview_table = OverviewTable()
        self.left_tab.addTab(self.overview_table, "總覽")

        # — 分頁 3：訊息歷史
        self.message_history_tab = self._create_message_history_tab()
        self.left_tab.addTab(self.message_history_tab, "紀錄")

        # — 分頁 4：通訊設定
        self.comm_panel = CommPanel()
        self.comm_panel.udp_connection_added.connect(self.handle_udp_connection_added)
        self.comm_panel.ws_connection_added.connect(self.handle_ws_connection_added)
        self.comm_panel.serial_connection_added.connect(self.handle_serial_connection_added)
        self.comm_panel.udp_connection_toggled.connect(self.toggle_udp_connection)
        self.comm_panel.ws_connection_toggled.connect(self.toggle_ws_connection)
        self.comm_panel.serial_connection_toggled.connect(self.toggle_serial_connection)
        self.comm_panel.udp_connection_removed.connect(self.remove_udp_connection)
        self.comm_panel.ws_connection_removed.connect(self.remove_ws_connection)
        self.comm_panel.serial_connection_removed.connect(self.remove_serial_connection)
        self.comm_panel.status_message.connect(lambda msg, timeout: self.statusBar().showMessage(msg, timeout))

        self.left_tab.addTab(self.comm_panel, "通訊")

        # — 分頁 5：全域設定
        self.settings_tab = self._create_settings_tab()
        self.left_tab.addTab(self.settings_tab, "設定")

        # 右侧容器
        right_container = QWidget()
        right_layout = QVBoxLayout(right_container)
        right_layout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10)
        right_layout.setSpacing(10)
        
        # ========== 任務群組 Tab ==========
        self.group_container = QWidget()
        group_container_layout = QVBoxLayout(self.group_container)
        group_container_layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        group_container_layout.setSpacing(6)

        group_header = QHBoxLayout()
        
        # 標題 + 收起/展開按鈕
        title_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        group_title = QLabel("任務群組")
        group_title.setStyleSheet(
            "color: #DDD; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; padding: 2px;")
        title_layout.addWidget(group_title)
        
        # 收起/展開按鈕
        self.toggle_group_btn = QPushButton("▼")
        self.toggle_group_btn.setStyleSheet("""
            QPushButton { background-color: #555; color: white; border: none;
                padding: 3px 8px; border-radius: 3px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;
                min-width: 30px; max-width: 30px; }
            QPushButton:hover { background-color: #666; }
        """)
        self.toggle_group_btn.setToolTip("收起/展開任務群組")
        self.toggle_group_btn.clicked.connect(self._toggle_group_panel)
        title_layout.addWidget(self.toggle_group_btn)
        title_layout.addStretch()
        
        group_header.addLayout(title_layout)
        group_header.addStretch()

        clear_traj_btn = QPushButton("清除軌跡")
        clear_traj_btn.setStyleSheet("""
            QPushButton { background-color: #EF5350; color: white; border: none;
                padding: 5px 12px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; }
            QPushButton:hover { background-color: #E53935; }
        """)
        clear_traj_btn.clicked.connect(self.drone_map.clear_trajectories)
        group_header.addWidget(clear_traj_btn)

        group_container_layout.addLayout(group_header)

        self.group_tab_widget = QTabWidget()
        self.group_tab_widget.setStyleSheet("""
            QTabWidget::pane { border: 1px solid #444; background-color: #2B2B2B; }
            QTabBar::tab {
                background-color: #333; color: #AAA; border: 1px solid #444;
                padding: 5px 12px; margin-right: 2px; border-top-left-radius: 4px;
                border-top-right-radius: 4px; font-size: 12px;
            }
            QTabBar::tab:selected { background-color: #2B2B2B; color: #FFF; border-bottom-color: #2B2B2B; }
            QTabBar::tab:hover { background-color: #3A3A3A; }
        """)
        self.group_tab_widget.setMinimumHeight(80)
        self.group_tab_widget.currentChanged.connect(self._on_group_tab_changed)
        group_container_layout.addWidget(self.group_tab_widget)
        
        # 🌟 新增：保存群組面板的展開狀態
        self.group_panel_expanded = True

        # 預設建立 Group A
        self._add_mission_group()
        
        # 任務群組與地圖之間使用垂直 splitter，可上下拖曳調整高度
        self.right_vertical_splitter = QSplitter(Qt.Orientation.Vertical)
        self.right_vertical_splitter.addWidget(self.group_container)
        self.right_vertical_splitter.addWidget(self.drone_map.get_widget())
        self.right_vertical_splitter.setChildrenCollapsible(False)
        self.right_vertical_splitter.setStretchFactor(0, 0)
        self.right_vertical_splitter.setStretchFactor(1, 1)
        self.right_vertical_splitter.setSizes([170, 700])
        right_layout.addWidget(self.right_vertical_splitter)

        # 添加地圖
        self.drone_map.get_gps_signal().connect(self.handle_map_click)
        self.drone_map.get_drone_clicked_signal().connect(self.handle_drone_clicked)
        self.drone_map.get_clear_all_drone_selection_signal().connect(self.handle_clear_all_drone_selection)
        self.drone_map.get_toggle_select_all_drones_signal().connect(self.handle_toggle_select_all_drones)

        # ================================================================================
        # 連接地圖信號（任務模式改由 Group Tab 控制，不再從地圖下拉選單）
        # ================================================================================
        self.drone_map.get_rectangle_selected_signal().connect(self.handle_rectangle_selected)
        self.drone_map.get_route_confirmed_signal().connect(self.handle_route_confirmed)
        self.drone_map.get_drone_box_selected_signal().connect(self._handle_drone_box_selected)
        # ================================================================================
            
        main_splitter.addWidget(self.left_tab)
        main_splitter.addWidget(right_container)
        main_splitter.setSizes([400, 1000])
        
        self.setCentralWidget(main_splitter)
        self.statusBar().messageChanged.connect(self._on_status_bar_message_changed)

    def _create_message_history_tab(self):
        """建立左側訊息歷史分頁。"""
        widget = QWidget()
        layout = QVBoxLayout(widget)
        layout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10)
        layout.setSpacing(8)

        header_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        title = QLabel("操作與訊息歷史")
        title.setStyleSheet("color: #DDD; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;")
        header_layout.addWidget(title)
        header_layout.addStretch()

        clear_btn = QPushButton("清空")
        clear_btn.setStyleSheet("""
            QPushButton { background-color: #555; color: white; border: none;
                padding: 5px 10px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 12px; }
            QPushButton:hover { background-color: #666; }
        """)
        clear_btn.clicked.connect(self._clear_message_history)
        header_layout.addWidget(clear_btn)
        layout.addLayout(header_layout)

        self.message_history_view = QPlainTextEdit()
        self.message_history_view.setReadOnly(True)
        self.message_history_view.setStyleSheet("""
            QPlainTextEdit {
                background-color: #1E1E1E;
                color: #DDD;
                border: 1px solid #444;
                border-radius: 6px;
                padding: 6px;
                font-family: monospace;
                font-size: 12px;
            }
        """)
        self.message_history_view.setPlaceholderText("左下角狀態訊息會顯示在這裡...")
        layout.addWidget(self.message_history_view)

        return widget

    def _create_settings_tab(self):
        """建立字體設定分頁。"""
        widget = QWidget()
        layout = QVBoxLayout(widget)
        layout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10)
        layout.setSpacing(8)

        scale_panel = QWidget()
        scale_panel.setStyleSheet("""
            QWidget {
                background-color: #2A2A2A;
                border: 1px solid #444;
                border-radius: 6px;
            }
        """)
        scale_layout = QVBoxLayout(scale_panel)
        scale_layout.setContentsMargins(12, 12, 12, 12)
        scale_layout.setSpacing(8)

        self.font_scale_label = QLabel()
        self.font_scale_label.setStyleSheet("color: #DDD; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold;")
        scale_layout.addWidget(self.font_scale_label)

        self.font_scale_slider = QSlider(Qt.Orientation.Horizontal)
        self.font_scale_slider.setRange(self.FONT_SCALE_MIN, self.FONT_SCALE_MAX)
        self.font_scale_slider.setValue(self.FONT_SCALE_DEFAULT)
        self.font_scale_slider.setTickInterval(10)
        self.font_scale_slider.setTickPosition(QSlider.TickPosition.TicksBelow)
        self.font_scale_slider.setStyleSheet("""
            QSlider::groove:horizontal {
                border: 1px solid #444;
                height: 8px;
                background: #333;
                border-radius: 4px;
            }
            QSlider::handle:horizontal {
                background: #4A9EFF;
                border: 1px solid #3A8EEF;
                width: 18px;
                margin: -6px 0;
                border-radius: 9px;
            }
            QSlider::sub-page:horizontal {
                background: #4A9EFF;
                border-radius: 4px;
            }
            QSlider::add-page:horizontal {
                background: #2A2A2A;
                border-radius: 4px;
            }
        """)
        self.font_scale_slider.valueChanged.connect(self._handle_font_scale_slider_changed)
        scale_layout.addWidget(self.font_scale_slider)

        layout.addWidget(scale_panel)
        layout.addStretch()

        settings_button_row = QHBoxLayout()
        settings_button_row.addStretch()
        apply_btn = QPushButton("套用")
        apply_btn.setStyleSheet("""
            QPushButton {
                background-color: #4A9EFF;
                color: white;
                border: none;
                padding: 6px 12px;
                border-radius: 4px;
                font-size: 12px;
                font-weight: bold;
            }
            QPushButton:hover { background-color: #3A8EEF; }
        """)
        apply_btn.clicked.connect(self._apply_pending_font_scale)
        settings_button_row.addWidget(apply_btn)

        layout.addLayout(settings_button_row)
        self._update_font_scale_label()
        return widget

    def _update_font_scale_label(self):
        percent = int(round(self.pending_font_scale * 100))
        if hasattr(self, 'font_scale_label'):
            self.font_scale_label.setText(f"字體倍率：{percent}%")

    def _handle_font_scale_slider_changed(self, value):
        self.pending_font_scale = value / 100.0
        self._update_font_scale_label()

    def _apply_pending_font_scale(self):
        self._apply_font_scale(self.pending_font_scale)

    def _scale_stylesheet_font_sizes(self, stylesheet, scale):
        if not stylesheet or 'font-size' not in stylesheet:
            return stylesheet

        def repl(match):
            size = float(match.group(1))
            unit = match.group(2)
            scaled = max(1.0, size * scale)
            if unit == 'px':
                text = f"{scaled:.2f}".rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
            else:
                text = f"{scaled:.3f}".rstrip('0').rstrip('.')
            return f"font-size: {text}{unit}"

        return re.sub(r'font-size\s*:\s*([0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)?)\s*(px|pt)', repl, stylesheet)

    def _apply_font_scale_to_widget(self, widget):
        if hasattr(widget, 'apply_font_scale'):
            widget.apply_font_scale()
            return

        if hasattr(widget, '_base_stylesheet') and hasattr(widget, '_applied_stylesheet'):
            current_stylesheet = widget.styleSheet()
            base_stylesheet = widget._base_stylesheet
            if current_stylesheet != widget._applied_stylesheet:
                base_stylesheet = current_stylesheet
                widget._base_stylesheet = base_stylesheet

            scaled_stylesheet = self._scale_stylesheet_font_sizes(base_stylesheet, self.font_scale)
            widget._applied_stylesheet = scaled_stylesheet
            if current_stylesheet != scaled_stylesheet:
                widget.setStyleSheet(scaled_stylesheet)
            return

        current_stylesheet = widget.styleSheet()
        source_stylesheet = getattr(widget, '_font_scale_source_stylesheet', current_stylesheet)
        applied_stylesheet = getattr(widget, '_font_scale_applied_stylesheet', None)
        if current_stylesheet != applied_stylesheet:
            source_stylesheet = current_stylesheet

        scaled_stylesheet = self._scale_stylesheet_font_sizes(source_stylesheet, self.font_scale)
        widget._font_scale_source_stylesheet = source_stylesheet
        widget._font_scale_applied_stylesheet = scaled_stylesheet

        if current_stylesheet != scaled_stylesheet:
            widget.setStyleSheet(scaled_stylesheet)

    def _apply_font_scale_to_widget_tree(self, root):
        if root is None:
            return
        if isinstance(root, QWidget):
            self._apply_font_scale_to_widget(root)
        for child in root.findChildren(QWidget):
            self._apply_font_scale_to_widget(child)

    def _apply_font_scale(self, scale):
        app = QApplication.instance()
        splitter_sizes = None
        left_width = None
        old_left_min = None
        old_left_max = None
        old_window_size = self.size()
        old_window_min = self.minimumSize()
        old_window_max = self.maximumSize()
        lock_window_size = not self.isMaximized() and not self.isFullScreen()
        if hasattr(self, 'main_splitter') and self.main_splitter:
            splitter_sizes = self.main_splitter.sizes()
        if hasattr(self, 'left_tab') and self.left_tab:
            left_width = self.left_tab.width()
            old_left_min = self.left_tab.minimumWidth()
            old_left_max = self.left_tab.maximumWidth()
            if left_width > 0:
                self.left_tab.setMinimumWidth(left_width)
                self.left_tab.setMaximumWidth(left_width)

        self._font_scale_applying = True
        try:
            self.font_scale = scale
            app.setProperty("font_scale", scale)

            if hasattr(self, '_base_app_font'):
                scaled_font = QFont(self._base_app_font)
                if self._base_app_font.pointSizeF() > 0:
                    scaled_font.setPointSizeF(max(1.0, self._base_app_font.pointSizeF() * scale))
                elif self._base_app_font.pixelSize() > 0:
                    scaled_font.setPixelSize(max(1, int(round(self._base_app_font.pixelSize() * scale))))
                app.setFont(scaled_font)

            if lock_window_size:
                self.setMinimumSize(old_window_size)
                self.setMaximumSize(old_window_size)
            self._update_font_scale_label()
            self._apply_font_scale_to_widget_tree(self)

            if hasattr(self, 'comm_panel') and self.comm_panel:
                self.comm_panel.apply_font_scale()

            for panel in getattr(self, 'drones', {}).values():
                if hasattr(panel, 'apply_font_scale'):
                    panel.apply_font_scale()

            for panel in getattr(self, 'socket_groups', {}).values():
                if hasattr(panel, 'apply_font_scale'):
                    panel.apply_font_scale()

            for panel in getattr(self, 'group_panels', {}).values():
                if hasattr(panel, 'apply_font_scale'):
                    panel.apply_font_scale()

            if hasattr(self, 'drone_map') and self.drone_map:
                self.drone_map.set_font_scale(scale)

            if splitter_sizes:
                self.main_splitter.setSizes(splitter_sizes)

            if lock_window_size:
                self.resize(old_window_size)
            self.left_tab.updateGeometry()
            self.update()
        finally:
            self._font_scale_applying = False

        def _restore_locked_sizes():
            if lock_window_size:
                self.setMinimumSize(old_window_min)
                self.setMaximumSize(old_window_max)
                self.resize(old_window_size)

            if self.left_tab and left_width and left_width > 0:
                self.left_tab.setMinimumWidth(left_width)
                self.left_tab.setMaximumWidth(left_width)

            if splitter_sizes and self.main_splitter:
                self.main_splitter.setSizes(splitter_sizes)

        def _release_size_locks():
            if self.left_tab and old_left_min is not None and old_left_max is not None:
                self.left_tab.setMinimumWidth(old_left_min)
                self.left_tab.setMaximumWidth(old_left_max)

        QTimer.singleShot(0, _restore_locked_sizes)
        QTimer.singleShot(30, _restore_locked_sizes)
        QTimer.singleShot(100, _restore_locked_sizes)
        QTimer.singleShot(150, _release_size_locks)

    def eventFilter(self, obj, event):
        if self._font_scale_applying:
            return super().eventFilter(obj, event)

        if isinstance(obj, QWidget) and event.type() in {
            QEvent.Type.StyleChange,
            QEvent.Type.Polish,
            QEvent.Type.Show,
        }:
            self._font_scale_applying = True
            try:
                self._apply_font_scale_to_widget(obj)
            finally:
                self._font_scale_applying = False

        return super().eventFilter(obj, event)

    def _clear_message_history(self):
        """清空訊息歷史。"""
        self.message_history.clear()
        if hasattr(self, 'message_history_view'):
            self.message_history_view.clear()

    def _on_status_bar_message_changed(self, message):
        """同步狀態列訊息到歷史紀錄。"""
        if not message:
            return
        timestamp = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
        entry = f"[{timestamp}] {message}"
        self.message_history.append(entry)
        if len(self.message_history) > self.max_message_history:
            self.message_history = self.message_history[-self.max_message_history:]

        if hasattr(self, 'message_history_view'):
            self.message_history_view.setPlainText("\n".join(self.message_history))
            scrollbar = self.message_history_view.verticalScrollBar()
            scrollbar.setValue(scrollbar.maximum())

    def _setup_stream_redirector(self):
        """將 stdout/stderr 同步到左下角狀態列與訊息紀錄。"""
        self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
        self._original_stderr = sys.stderr

        self.stdout_redirector = StreamRedirector(self._original_stdout, self)
        self.stderr_redirector = StreamRedirector(self._original_stderr, self)
        self.stdout_redirector.text_written.connect(self.show_in_bottom_left)
        self.stderr_redirector.text_written.connect(self.show_in_bottom_left)

        sys.stdout = self.stdout_redirector
        sys.stderr = self.stderr_redirector

    def _restore_stream_redirector(self):
        """還原 stdout/stderr，避免關閉視窗後仍寫入 UI。"""
        if getattr(self, '_original_stdout', None) is not None:
            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
        if getattr(self, '_original_stderr', None) is not None:
            sys.stderr = self._original_stderr

    def show_in_bottom_left(self, text):
        """將重導向的輸出顯示在左下角狀態列。"""
        if not text:
            return
        self.statusBar().showMessage(text, 5000)
    

    # ================================================================================
    # 連線管理
    # ================================================================================

    def handle_udp_connection_added(self, ip, port):
        new_conn = {'name': f'UDP {len(self.udp_connections) + 1}', 'ip': ip, 'port': port, 'enabled': True}
        receiver = UDPMavlinkReceiver(ip, port, self.monitor.signals, new_conn['name'], self.monitor)
        receiver.start()
        self.udp_receivers.append(receiver)
        new_conn['receiver'] = receiver
        self.udp_connections.append(new_conn)
        self.comm_panel.add_udp_panel(new_conn)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已添加 UDP 連接: {ip}:{port}", 3000)

    def handle_ws_connection_added(self, url):
        new_conn = {'name': f'WS {len(self.ws_connections) + 1}', 'url': url, 'enabled': True}
        receiver = WebSocketMavlinkReceiver(url, self.monitor.signals, new_conn['name'], self.monitor)
        receiver.start()
        self.monitor.ws_receivers.append(receiver)
        new_conn['receiver'] = receiver
        self.ws_connections.append(new_conn)
        self.comm_panel.add_ws_panel(new_conn)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已添加 WebSocket 連接: {url}", 3000)

    def create_drone_panel(self, drone_id):
        panel = DronePanel(drone_id)
        panel.mode_change_requested.connect(self.handle_mode_change)
        panel.arm_requested.connect(self.handle_arm)
        panel.takeoff_requested.connect(self.handle_takeoff)
        panel.setpoint_requested.connect(self.handle_single_setpoint)
        panel.selection_changed.connect(self.handle_drone_selection)
        return panel
    
    def toggle_ws_connection(self, conn, btn, status_label):
        if conn.get('enabled', False):
            if 'receiver' in conn and conn['receiver']:
                conn['receiver'].stop()
            conn['enabled'] = False
            btn.setText("啟動")
            status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #888; font-size: 16px;")
            status_label.setToolTip("已停止")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已停止 WebSocket 連接: {conn['url']}", 3000)
        else:
            receiver = WebSocketMavlinkReceiver(conn['url'], self.monitor.signals, conn['name'])
            receiver.start()
            self.monitor.ws_receivers.append(receiver)
            conn['receiver'] = receiver
            conn['enabled'] = True
            btn.setText("停止")
            status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #4CAF50; font-size: 16px;")
            status_label.setToolTip("運行中")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已啟動 WebSocket 連接: {conn['url']}", 3000)

    def remove_ws_connection(self, conn, panel):
        if 'receiver' in conn and conn['receiver']:
            conn['receiver'].stop()
            if conn['receiver'] in self.monitor.ws_receivers:
                self.monitor.ws_receivers.remove(conn['receiver'])
        if conn in self.ws_connections:
            self.ws_connections.remove(conn)
        self.comm_panel.remove_ws_connection_from_list(conn)
        panel.setParent(None)
        panel.deleteLater()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已移除 WebSocket 連接: {conn['url']}", 3000)

    def toggle_udp_connection(self, conn, btn, status_label):
        if conn.get('enabled', False):
            if 'receiver' in conn and conn['receiver']:
                conn['receiver'].stop()
            conn['enabled'] = False
            btn.setText("啟動")
            status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #888; font-size: 16px;")
            status_label.setToolTip("已停止")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已停止 UDP 連接: {conn['ip']}:{conn['port']}", 3000)
        else:
            receiver = UDPMavlinkReceiver(conn['ip'], conn['port'], self.monitor.signals, conn['name'])
            receiver.start()
            self.udp_receivers.append(receiver)
            conn['receiver'] = receiver
            conn['enabled'] = True
            btn.setText("停止")
            status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #4CAF50; font-size: 16px;")
            status_label.setToolTip("運行中")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已啟動 UDP 連接: {conn['ip']}:{conn['port']}", 3000)

    def remove_udp_connection(self, conn, panel):
        if 'receiver' in conn and conn['receiver']:
            conn['receiver'].stop()
            if conn['receiver'] in self.udp_receivers:
                self.udp_receivers.remove(conn['receiver'])
        if conn in self.udp_connections:
            self.udp_connections.remove(conn)
        self.comm_panel.remove_udp_connection_from_list(conn)
        panel.setParent(None)
        panel.deleteLater()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已移除 UDP 連接: {conn['ip']}:{conn['port']}", 3000)

    def handle_serial_connection_added(self, port, baudrate):
        conn = {'name': 'Serial', 'port': port, 'baudrate': baudrate, 'enabled': False, 'receiver': None}
        self.serial_connections.append(conn)
        self.comm_panel.add_serial_panel(conn)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已添加 Serial 連接: {port} @ {baudrate}", 3000)
    
    def toggle_serial_connection(self, conn, btn, status_label):
        if conn.get('enabled', False):
            if conn.get('receiver'):
                conn['receiver'].stop()
                conn['receiver'] = None
            conn['enabled'] = False
            btn.setText("啟動")
            status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #888; font-size: 16px;")
            status_label.setToolTip("已停止")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已停止 Serial 連接: {conn['port']}", 3000)
        else:
            try:
                receiver = self.monitor.start_serial_connection(conn['port'], conn['baudrate'])
                conn['receiver'] = receiver
                conn['enabled'] = True
                btn.setText("停止")
                status_label.setStyleSheet("color: #4CAF50; font-size: 16px;")
                status_label.setToolTip("運行中")
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已啟動 Serial 連接: {conn['port']}", 3000)
            except Exception as e:
                _log("ERROR", f"Serial 連接啟動失敗: {str(e)}")
                traceback.print_exc()
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"啟動 Serial 連接失敗: {str(e)}", 5000)
    
    def remove_serial_connection(self, conn, panel):
        if conn.get('enabled', False) and conn.get('receiver'):
            conn['receiver'].stop()
        if conn in self.serial_connections:
            self.serial_connections.remove(conn)
        self.comm_panel.remove_serial_connection_from_list(conn)
        panel.setParent(None)
        panel.deleteLater()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已移除 Serial 連接: {conn['port']}", 3000)

    def create_socket_group_panel(self, socket_id):
        color = self.socket_colors.get(socket_id, self.socket_colors['default'])
        socket_type = self.socket_types.get(socket_id, None)
        panel = SocketGroupPanel(socket_id, color, socket_type)
        panel.group_selection_changed.connect(self.handle_group_selection)
        return panel
    
    # ================================================================================
    # 無人機操作
    # ================================================================================

    def handle_mode_change(self, drone_id):
        # 從 active group 的 mode_combo 讀取模式
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if group:
            panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
            mode = panel.mode_combo.currentText() if panel else "GUIDED"
        else:
            mode = "GUIDED"
        _log("INFO", f"切換模式請求: drone={drone_id}, mode={mode}")
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        future = self.monitor.set_mode(drone_id, mode)
        loop.create_task(self.handle_service_response(future, f"切換模式 {mode} {drone_id}"))

    def handle_arm(self, drone_id):
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        arm_state = not self.monitor.get_arm_state(drone_id)
        coro = self.monitor.arm_drone(drone_id, arm_state)
        action_text = f"{'解鎖' if arm_state else '上鎖'} {drone_id}"
        _log("INFO", f"{action_text} 請求已送出")
        loop.create_task(self.handle_service_response(coro, action_text))

    def handle_takeoff(self, drone_id):
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        future = self.monitor.takeoff_drone(drone_id, 10.0)
        loop.create_task(self.handle_service_response(future, f"起飛 {drone_id}"))

    def handle_setpoint_selected(self):
        """發送位置命令到 active group 的所有選中無人機"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return
        
        try:
            x = float(self.x_input.text() or '0')
            y = float(self.y_input.text() or '0')
            z = float(self.z_input.text() or '0')
            for drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
                if self.monitor.send_setpoint(drone_id, x, y, z):
                    self.statusBar().showMessage(f"發送位置命令到 {drone_id}: ({x}, {y}, {z})", 3000)
                else:
                    self.statusBar().showMessage(f"發送位置命令失敗: {drone_id}", 3000)
        except ValueError:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("座標格式錯誤", 3000)

    def handle_single_setpoint(self, drone_id):
        try:
            x = float(self.x_input.text() or '0')
            y = float(self.y_input.text() or '0')
            z = float(self.z_input.text() or '0')
            if self.monitor.send_setpoint(drone_id, x, y, z):
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"發送位置命令到 {drone_id}: ({x}, {y}, {z})", 3000)
            else:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"發送位置命令失敗: {drone_id}", 3000)
        except ValueError:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("座標格式錯誤", 3000)

    async def handle_service_response(self, future, action):
        try:
            result = await future
            if result:
                _log("INFO", f"{action} 成功")
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{action} 成功", 3000)
            else:
                _log("WARN", f"{action} 失敗")
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{action} 失敗", 3000)
        except asyncio.CancelledError:
            _log("WARN", f"{action} 已取消")
        except Exception as e:
            _log("ERROR", f"{action} 錯誤: {str(e)}")
            traceback.print_exc()
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{action} 錯誤: {str(e)}", 3000)

    def handle_arm_selected(self):
        """解鎖 active group 的所有選中無人機"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return
        
        selected = list(group.selected_drone_ids)
        if not selected:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("尚未選擇任何無人機", 3000)
            return
        _log("INFO", f"批次解鎖請求: {', '.join(selected)}")
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        for drone_id in selected:
            coro = self.monitor.arm_drone(drone_id, True)
            # 使用 run_coroutine_threadsafe() 正確地在事件循環中運行
            asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
                self.handle_service_response(coro, f"批次解鎖 {drone_id}"),
                loop
            )

    def handle_takeoff_selected(self):
        """起飛 active group 的所有選中無人機"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return
        
        selected = list(group.selected_drone_ids)
        if not selected:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("尚未選擇任何無人機", 3000)
            return
        
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        for drone_id in selected:
            future = self.monitor.takeoff_drone(drone_id, 10.0)
            loop.create_task(self.handle_service_response(future, f"批次起飛 {drone_id}"))

    # ================================================================================
    # 任務群組管理
    # ================================================================================

    def _next_group_id(self):
        """產生下一個群組 ID (A, B, C, ...)"""
        gid = chr(ord('A') + self._group_counter)
        self._group_counter += 1
        return gid

    def _toggle_group_panel(self):
        """🌟 收起/展開任務群組面板"""
        if self.group_panel_expanded:
            # 收起
            if hasattr(self, 'right_vertical_splitter'):
                sizes = self.right_vertical_splitter.sizes()
                if sizes and sizes[0] > 0:
                    self._last_group_panel_height = sizes[0]
            self.group_tab_widget.hide()
            header_height = self.group_container.sizeHint().height()
            self.group_container.setMaximumHeight(header_height)
            if hasattr(self, 'right_vertical_splitter'):
                total = sum(self.right_vertical_splitter.sizes()) or self.height()
                self.right_vertical_splitter.setSizes([header_height, max(1, total - header_height)])
            self.toggle_group_btn.setText("▶")
            self.toggle_group_btn.setToolTip("展開任務群組")
            self.group_panel_expanded = False
        else:
            # 展開
            self.group_container.setMaximumHeight(16777215)
            self.group_tab_widget.show()
            if hasattr(self, 'right_vertical_splitter'):
                total = sum(self.right_vertical_splitter.sizes()) or self.height()
                group_height = getattr(self, '_last_group_panel_height', 170)
                group_height = min(max(group_height, 120), max(120, total - 120))
                self.right_vertical_splitter.setSizes([group_height, max(1, total - group_height)])
            self.toggle_group_btn.setText("▼")
            self.toggle_group_btn.setToolTip("收起任務群組")
            self.group_panel_expanded = True

    def _add_mission_group(self):
        """新增一個任務群組"""
        gid = self._next_group_id()
        color = GROUP_COLORS[(self._group_counter - 1) % len(GROUP_COLORS)]
        group = MissionGroup(gid, color)
        self.mission_groups[gid] = group

        panel = GroupPanel(group, default_params=self.global_mission_defaults)
        panel.assign_drones_requested.connect(self._handle_assign_drones)
        panel.mission_type_changed.connect(self._handle_mission_type_changed)
        panel.start_requested.connect(self._handle_group_start)
        panel.pause_requested.connect(self._handle_group_pause)
        panel.stop_requested.connect(self._handle_group_stop)
        panel.mode_change_requested.connect(self._handle_group_mode_change)
        panel.arm_requested.connect(self._handle_group_arm)
        panel.takeoff_requested.connect(self._handle_group_takeoff)
        panel.box_select_requested.connect(self._handle_box_select)
        panel.select_all_requested.connect(self._handle_select_all_for_group)
        panel.clear_group_requested.connect(self._handle_clear_group)
        panel.add_group_requested.connect(self._add_mission_group)
        panel.delete_group_requested.connect(self._handle_delete_group)
        self.group_panels[gid] = panel

        # 用帶顏色的 tab 標題
        scroll = QScrollArea()
        scroll.setWidget(panel)
        scroll.setWidgetResizable(True)
        idx = self.group_tab_widget.addTab(scroll, f"Group {gid}")
        self.group_tab_widget.tabBar().setTabTextColor(idx, QColor(color))

        # 切換到新 group 的 tab
        self.group_tab_widget.setCurrentIndex(idx)

        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已新增 Group {gid}", 2000)

        # 更新刪除按鈕的啟用/禁用狀態
        self._update_delete_buttons_state()

    def _on_group_tab_changed(self, index):
        """切換 group tab — 只需切換 active group 並刷新 UI"""
        if index < 0:
            self.active_group_id = None
            return

        tab_text = self.group_tab_widget.tabText(index)
        gid = tab_text.replace("Group ", "")
        if gid not in self.mission_groups:
            return

        self.active_group_id = gid
        group = self.mission_groups[gid]

        # 同步地圖的任務模式
        self.drone_map.set_mission_mode(group.mission_type)

        # 統一刷新所有 UI
        self.refresh_selection_ui()

    def _get_active_group(self):
        """取得當前 active 的 MissionGroup"""
        if self.active_group_id and self.active_group_id in self.mission_groups:
            return self.mission_groups[self.active_group_id]
        return None

    def refresh_selection_ui(self):
        """統一刷新所有 UI 元素：左側 drone 勾選、左側 socket 勾選、右側 group panel"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        selected = group.selected_drone_ids if group else set()
        current_group_id = group.group_id if group else None

        # 左側 drone checkbox
        for drone_id, panel in self.drones.items():
            checkbox = panel.get_checkbox()
            if checkbox:
                blocked = (
                    current_group_id is not None and
                    self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(drone_id, current_group_id)
                )
                checkbox.blockSignals(True)
                checkbox.setStyleSheet(self._get_drone_checkbox_style(blocked))
                checkbox.setChecked(drone_id in selected)
                checkbox.setEnabled(not blocked or drone_id in selected)
                checkbox.blockSignals(False)

        # 左側 socket checkbox
        for socket_id in self.socket_groups.keys():
            self.refresh_socket_checkbox(socket_id, selected, current_group_id)

        # 右側 group panel
        if group:
            panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
            if panel:
                panel.update_drone_list()
                panel.update_status()

    def _get_drone_checkbox_style(self, blocked=False):
        """回傳 drone checkbox 樣式；被其他 group 佔用時顯示紅色填滿。"""
        blocked_style = """
            QCheckBox::indicator:disabled {
                background-color: #D32F2F;
                border: 2px solid #A32020;
            }
        """ if blocked else ""
        return f"""
            QCheckBox {{
                color: #DDD;
            }}
            QCheckBox::indicator {{
                width: 16px;
                height: 16px;
                border: 2px solid #888888;
                border-radius: 3px;
                background: transparent;
            }}
            QCheckBox::indicator:checked {{
                background-color: #7FFFD4;
                border: 2px solid #888888;
            }}
            {blocked_style}
        """

    def refresh_socket_checkbox(self, socket_id, selected_ids, current_group_id=None):
        """根據 selected_ids 推導並更新 socket 的勾選狀態"""
        drone_ids = [did for did in self.drones.keys() if self.get_socket_id(did) == socket_id]
        if not drone_ids:
            return

        socket_widget = self.socket_groups.get(socket_id)
        if not socket_widget:
            return

        checkbox = socket_widget.findChild(QCheckBox, f"socket_{socket_id}_checkbox")
        if not checkbox:
            return

        effective_drone_ids = [
            did for did in drone_ids
            if current_group_id is None
            or did in selected_ids
            or not self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(did, current_group_id)
        ]
        checked_count = sum(1 for did in effective_drone_ids if did in selected_ids)

        checkbox.blockSignals(True)
        if checked_count == 0:
            checkbox.setCheckState(Qt.CheckState.Unchecked)
        elif checked_count == len(effective_drone_ids):
            checkbox.setCheckState(Qt.CheckState.Checked)
        else:
            checkbox.setCheckState(Qt.CheckState.PartiallyChecked)
        checkbox.setEnabled(len(effective_drone_ids) > 0)
        checkbox.blockSignals(False)


    # 【已遷移至 refresh_socket_checkbox()】舊的 update_group_checkbox_state() 已廢棄

    def _handle_assign_drones(self, group_id):
        """開啟無人機分配對話框 — 過濾被占用的drone"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return
        all_ids = list(self.drones.keys())

        # 預先選中：目前 group 的 selected_drone_ids
        pre_selected = set(group.selected_drone_ids)

        dialog = DroneAssignDialog(self, all_ids, pre_selected, {})
        if dialog.exec() == QDialog.DialogCode.Accepted:
            requested = dialog.get_selected()

            allowed = set()
            blocked = set()

            for did in requested:
                if self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(did, group_id):
                    blocked.add(did)
                else:
                    allowed.add(did)

            group.selected_drone_ids = allowed

            # 只有當操作目標組是 active 組時，才更新 UI
            if group_id == self.active_group_id:
                self.refresh_selection_ui()

            panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
            if panel:
                panel.update_drone_list()
                panel.update_status()

            if blocked:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"Group {group_id}: {len(blocked)} 台已被其他 group 勾選，未加入", 4000
                )
            else:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"Group {group_id}: 已分配 {len(group.selected_drone_ids)} 台無人機", 3000
                )

    def _handle_mission_type_changed(self, group_id, mission_type):
        """群組任務類型切換"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if group:
            group.mission_type = mission_type
            # 如果是 active group，同步更新地圖的選擇模式
            if group_id == self.active_group_id:
                self.drone_map.set_mission_mode(mission_type)

    def _create_executor_for_group(self, group):
        """為群組建立 MissionExecutor"""
        executor = MissionExecutor(
            sender=self.command_sender,
            drone_gps=self.monitor.drone_gps,
            monitor=self.monitor,
            arrival_radius=2.0,
            tick_rate_hz=2.0,
        )
        executor.drone_waypoint_reached.connect(self.on_drone_waypoint_reached)
        executor.task_status_changed.connect(self._on_task_status_changed)
        executor.mission_completed.connect(
            lambda gid=group.group_id: self._on_group_mission_completed(gid))
        group.executor = executor

    def _handle_group_start(self, group_id):
        """啟動群組任務"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return
        if group.planned_waypoints is None:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 請先規劃任務", 3000)
            return
        if group.executor is None:
            self._create_executor_for_group(group)
        group.executor.start(group.planned_waypoints)
        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_status()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 任務已啟動", 3000)

    def _handle_group_pause(self, group_id):
        """暫停/恢復群組任務"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group or not group.executor:
            return
        if group.executor.state == MissionState.RUNNING:
            group.executor.pause()
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 任務已暫停", 3000)
        elif group.executor.state == MissionState.PAUSED:
            group.executor.resume()
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 任務已恢復", 3000)
        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_status()

    def _handle_group_stop(self, group_id):
        """停止群組任務"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return
        if group.executor:
            group.executor.stop()
        group.planned_waypoints = None
        self.drone_map.clear_mission_plan_for_group(group_id)
        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_status()
            panel.clear_mission_info()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 任務已停止", 3000)

    def _handle_group_mode_change(self, group_id, mode):
        """切換群組內所有無人機的飛行模式"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            _log("ERROR", f"找不到群組: {group_id}")
            return
        
        if not group.selected_drone_ids:
            _log("WARN", f"Group {group_id} 中沒有無人機")
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"群組 {group_id} 中沒有無人機", 3000)
            return
        _log("INFO", f"Group {group_id} 準備切換模式為 {mode}")
        self.statusBar().showMessage("正在切換模式", 1000)
        
        # 使用 asyncio 執行（通過事件循環）
        async def do_mode_changes_async():
            for drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
                try:
                    result = await self.monitor.set_mode(drone_id, mode)
                    
                    if result:
                        msg = f"{drone_id} 切換成功"
                        _log("INFO", msg)
                        self.message_queue.put((msg, 2000))
                    else:
                        msg = f"{drone_id} 切換失敗"
                        _log("WARN", msg)
                        self.message_queue.put((msg, 2000))
                
                except Exception as e:
                    msg = f"{drone_id} 錯誤: {str(e)}"
                    _log("ERROR", msg)
                    traceback.print_exc()
                    self.message_queue.put((msg, 2000))
        
        # 通過事件循環提交異步任務
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
            do_mode_changes_async(),
            loop
        )

    def _handle_group_arm(self, group_id):
        """解鎖群組內所有無人機"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            _log("WARN", f"找不到群組: {group_id}")
            return
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        _log("INFO", f"Group {group_id} 批次解鎖 {len(group.selected_drone_ids)} 台無人機")
        
        for drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
            coro = self.monitor.arm_drone(drone_id, True)
            action_text = f"解鎖 {drone_id}"
            # 使用 run_coroutine_threadsafe() 正確地在事件循環中運行 coroutine
            # 這是 Qt + asyncio 整合的正確方式
            asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
                self.handle_service_response(coro, action_text),
                loop
            )

    def _handle_group_takeoff(self, group_id, altitude):
        """群組內所有無人機起飛"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        for drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
            future = self.monitor.takeoff_drone(drone_id, altitude)
            loop.create_task(self.handle_service_response(future, f"起飛 {drone_id} ({altitude}m)"))

    def _handle_box_select(self, group_id):
        """觸發地圖框選 → 框選完成後直接分配到該群組"""
        self._pending_box_assign = group_id
        self.drone_map.toggle_drone_box_select()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"請在地圖上框選要分配到 Group {group_id} 的無人機", 5000)

    def _handle_drone_box_selected(self, drone_ids_json):
        group_id = self._pending_box_assign
        self._pending_box_assign = None
        if not group_id:
            return

        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return

        drone_ids = json.loads(drone_ids_json)

        allowed = set()
        blocked = set()
        for did in drone_ids:
            if self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(did, group_id):
                blocked.add(did)
            else:
                allowed.add(did)

        group.selected_drone_ids = allowed

        if group_id == self.active_group_id:
            self.refresh_selection_ui()

        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_drone_list()
            panel.update_status()

        if blocked:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(
                f"Group {group_id}: 部分 drone 已被其他 group 勾選，僅加入 {len(allowed)} 台", 4000
            )
        else:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(
                f"Group {group_id}: 框選分配 {len(allowed)} 台無人機", 3000
            )
            
    def _handle_select_all_for_group(self, group_id):
        """全選/取消全選 — Toggle 邏輯"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return

        selectable_ids = self._get_selectable_drones_for_group(group_id) | set(group.selected_drone_ids)

        # Toggle 邏輯：如果已全選，則清空；否則全選
        if group.selected_drone_ids == selectable_ids:
            # 已全選 → 清空
            group.selected_drone_ids.clear()
            msg_status = "已取消全選"
        else:
            # 未全選 → 全選
            group.selected_drone_ids = set(selectable_ids)
            msg_status = f"全選可用無人機 {len(selectable_ids)} 台"

        # 只有當操作目標組是 active 組時，才更新 UI
        if group_id == self.active_group_id:
            self.refresh_selection_ui()

        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_drone_list()
            panel.update_status()

        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"Group {group_id}: {msg_status}", 3000)

    def _handle_clear_group(self, group_id):
        """清除群組的無人機選擇"""
        group = self.mission_groups.get(group_id)
        if not group:
            return

        group.selected_drone_ids.clear()
        group.planned_waypoints = None
        if group.executor:
            group.executor.stop()
        self.drone_map.clear_mission_plan_for_group(group_id)

        # 只有當操作目標組是 active 組時，才更新 UI
        if group_id == self.active_group_id:
            self.refresh_selection_ui()

        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_drone_list()
            panel.update_status()
            panel.clear_mission_info()

        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"Group {group_id}: 已清除分組", 3000)

    def _handle_delete_group(self, group_id):
        """刪除一個任務群組"""
        # 檢查是否只有一個群組，如果是就禁止刪除
        if len(self.mission_groups) <= 1:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("至少需要保留一個群組", 3000)
            return
        
        if group_id not in self.mission_groups:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id} 不存在", 3000)
            return
        
        # 停止群組的執行（如果有）
        group = self.mission_groups[group_id]
        if group.executor:
            group.executor.stop()
        
        # 移除地圖上的任務計畫
        self.drone_map.clear_mission_plan_for_group(group_id)
        
        # 移除 tab
        for i in range(self.group_tab_widget.count()):
            if f"Group {group_id}" in self.group_tab_widget.tabText(i):
                self.group_tab_widget.removeTab(i)
                break
        
        # 移除資料
        del self.mission_groups[group_id]
        if group_id in self.group_panels:
            del self.group_panels[group_id]
        
        # 更新 active group — 讓 currentChanged signal 自動處理
        if self.active_group_id == group_id:
            self.active_group_id = None
            if self.group_tab_widget.count() > 0:
                self.group_tab_widget.setCurrentIndex(0)
            # _on_group_tab_changed 會自動設定新的 active group
        
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"已刪除 Group {group_id}", 3000)
        
        # 更新刪除按鈕的啟用/禁用狀態
        self._update_delete_buttons_state()

    def _update_delete_buttons_state(self):
        """根據群組數量，更新所有群組的刪除按鈕啟用/禁用狀態"""
        # 如果只有一個群組，禁用該群組的刪除按鈕
        # 如果有多個群組，啟用所有刪除按鈕
        should_enable = len(self.mission_groups) > 1
        for gid, panel in self.group_panels.items():
            panel.set_delete_enabled(should_enable)

    def _on_group_mission_completed(self, group_id):
        """群組任務完成回呼"""
        panel = self.group_panels.get(group_id)
        if panel:
            panel.update_status()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group_id}: 所有無人機已完成任務", 5000)

    # ================================================================================
    # UI 更新
    # ================================================================================

    def update_ui(self, msg_type, drone_id, data):
        """只做數據快取，不在這裡更新 UI"""
        if msg_type == 'connection_type':
            conn_type = data.get('type', 'Unknown')
            parts = drone_id.split('_')
            if len(parts) >= 2 and parts[0].startswith('s'):
                socket_id = parts[0][1:]
                if socket_id not in self.socket_types:
                    self.socket_types[socket_id] = conn_type
                    if socket_id in self.socket_groups:
                        self.socket_groups[socket_id].set_socket_type(conn_type)
            return
        
        if drone_id not in self.drones:
            self.add_drone(drone_id)
            return

        # 只做資料快取，不更新 UI - 所有 UI 更新都在 _update_panel_and_map 中進行
        if drone_id not in self._message_cache:
            self._message_cache[drone_id] = {}
        
        self._message_cache[drone_id][msg_type] = data


    # ================================================================================
    # 勾選管理
    # ================================================================================

    def handle_group_selection(self, socket_id, state):
        """Socket 群組勾選 — 更新該 socket 下所有 drone 的選擇狀態"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            return

        drone_ids = [did for did in self.drones.keys() if self.get_socket_id(did) == socket_id]
        selectable = []
        blocked = []
        for did in drone_ids:
            if self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(did, group.group_id):
                blocked.append(did)
            else:
                selectable.append(did)

        if not selectable:
            if blocked:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"Socket {socket_id} 的 drone 已被其他 group 勾選，無法操作", 4000
                )
            self.refresh_selection_ui()
            return

        all_selectable_selected = all(did in group.selected_drone_ids for did in selectable)

        if all_selectable_selected:
            group.selected_drone_ids.difference_update(selectable)
        else:
            group.selected_drone_ids.update(selectable)
            if blocked:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"以下 drone 已被其他 group 勾選，略過: {', '.join(blocked)}", 4000
                )

        self.refresh_selection_ui()

    def _is_drone_selected_by_other_group(self, drone_id, current_group_id):
        """
        檢查該 drone 是否已被其他 group 勾選
        
        Args:
            drone_id: 無人機 ID
            current_group_id: 當前 group 的 ID
            
        Returns:
            True 如果 drone 已被其他 group 選擇，否則 False
        """
        for gid, group in self.mission_groups.items():
            # 跳過當前 group
            if gid == current_group_id:
                continue
            # 檢查該 drone 是否在其他 group 中被勾選
            if drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
                return True
        return False

    def _get_selectable_drones_for_group(self, group_id):
        """
        取得指定 group 可以選擇的 drone 清單（不被其他 group 佔用的）
        
        Args:
            group_id: group 的 ID
            
        Returns:
            set: 可選擇的 drone ID 集合
        """
        selectable = set()
        for did in self.drones.keys():
            if not self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(did, group_id):
                selectable.add(did)
        return selectable

    def handle_drone_selection(self, drone_id, state):
        """單台 drone 勾選 — 只修改 active group 的 selected_drone_ids"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            return

        is_checked = (state == Qt.CheckState.Checked.value)

        if is_checked:
            if self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(drone_id, group.group_id):
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"{drone_id} 已被其他 group 勾選，無法加入 Group {group.group_id}", 3000
                )
                self.refresh_selection_ui()
                return
            group.selected_drone_ids.add(drone_id)
        else:
            group.selected_drone_ids.discard(drone_id)

        self.refresh_selection_ui()

    def handle_drone_clicked(self, drone_id):
        """地圖上點擊 drone — 切換其選擇狀態"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            return

        if drone_id in group.selected_drone_ids:
            group.selected_drone_ids.remove(drone_id)
        else:
            # 嘗試勾選前先檢查是否被其他 group 使用
            if self._is_drone_selected_by_other_group(drone_id, group.group_id):
                self.statusBar().showMessage(
                    f"{drone_id} 已被其他 group 勾選，無法加入 Group {group.group_id}", 3000
                )
                self.refresh_selection_ui()
                return
            group.selected_drone_ids.add(drone_id)

        self.refresh_selection_ui()
    
    def handle_toggle_select_all_drones(self):
        """全選 / 清空 — 切換 active group 的所有 drone"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            return

        selectable_ids = self._get_selectable_drones_for_group(group.group_id) | set(group.selected_drone_ids)

        if group.selected_drone_ids == selectable_ids:
            # 已全選 → 清空
            group.selected_drone_ids.clear()
        else:
            # 未全選 → 全選
            group.selected_drone_ids = set(selectable_ids)

        self.refresh_selection_ui()

    def handle_clear_all_drone_selection(self):
        """清除 active group 的所有無人機選擇"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            return
        group.selected_drone_ids.clear()
        self.refresh_selection_ui()
        self.statusBar().showMessage("已清除所有選擇", 2000)

    # ================================================================================
    # 任務規劃 — 點擊地圖（路由到 active group）
    # ================================================================================

    def _get_group_drones(self, group):
        """取得群組的無人機 ID 列表（排序後）"""
        return sorted(group.selected_drone_ids, key=lambda x: (x.split('_')[0], int(x.split('_')[1])))

    def handle_map_click(self, lat, lon):
        """處理地圖點擊事件 — 根據 active group 的任務類型規劃"""
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return

        mode_map = {
            'M_FORMATION': MissionType.M_FORMATION,
            'CIRCLE_FORMATION': MissionType.CIRCLE_FORMATION,
        }
        mission_type = mode_map.get(group.mission_type)
        if mission_type is None:
            return  # Grid Sweep / Leader-Follower 由各自的觸發方式處理

        selected_drones = self._get_group_drones(group)
        if len(selected_drones) == 0:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: 請先分配無人機", 3000)
            return

        _log("INFO", f"地圖點擊: {lat:.6f}, {lon:.6f} -> Group {group.group_id} ({group.mission_type})")
        panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
        params = panel.get_mission_params() if panel else {}
        base_alt = params.get('base_altitude', params.get('altitude', 10.0))
        target_gps = (lat, lon, base_alt)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"Group {group.group_id}: 正在規劃 {group.mission_type} ({len(selected_drones)} 台)", 2000)

        try:
            drone_gps_positions = self._collect_drone_gps(selected_drones, base_alt)
            if drone_gps_positions is None:
                return

            waypoints_per_drone, center_origin, rendezvous_indices = self.mission_planner.plan_formation_mission(
                drone_gps_positions, target_gps, mission_type, params=params
            )

            group.planned_waypoints = {
                'drone_ids': selected_drones,
                'waypoints': waypoints_per_drone,
                'rendezvous_indices': rendezvous_indices,
            }
            group.center_origin = center_origin
            self.show_planned_waypoints(group)

            center_lat, center_lon, _ = center_origin
            self.drone_map.draw_mission_plan_for_group(
                group.group_id, group.color,
                center_lat, center_lon, lat, lon
            )

            self._launch_verification(
                group.mission_type, drone_gps_positions, selected_drones,
                waypoints_per_drone, center_origin, target_gps=target_gps
            )

            panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
            if panel:
                panel.update_status()
                panel.update_mission_info(center_lat, center_lon, lat, lon)

            total_wps = sum(len(wps) for wps in waypoints_per_drone)
            self.statusBar().showMessage(
                f"Group {group.group_id}: {group.mission_type} 規劃完成，{len(selected_drones)} 台，共 {total_wps} 個航點", 5000
            )
        except Exception as e:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: 規劃失敗: {str(e)}", 5000)
            traceback.print_exc()

    # ================================================================================
    # 任務規劃 — 矩形選取 (Grid Sweep)
    # ================================================================================

    def handle_rectangle_selected(self, points_json):
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return
        if group.mission_type != 'GRID_SWEEP':
            return  # 非 Grid Sweep 模式不處理矩形選取

        selected_drones = self._get_group_drones(group)
        if len(selected_drones) == 0:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: 請先分配無人機", 3000)
            return

        _log("INFO", f"矩形選取 -> Group {group.group_id}: {points_json}")
        try:
            rect_corners = [(p[0], p[1]) for p in json.loads(points_json)]
        except (json.JSONDecodeError, IndexError):
            self.statusBar().showMessage("矩形座標解析失敗", 3000)
            return

        panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
        params = panel.get_mission_params() if panel else {}
        base_alt = params.get('altitude', 10.0)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"Group {group.group_id}: 正在規劃 Grid Sweep ({len(selected_drones)} 台)", 2000)
        try:
            drone_gps_positions = self._collect_drone_gps(selected_drones, base_alt)
            if drone_gps_positions is None:
                return

            target_lat = sum(c[0] for c in rect_corners) / 4
            target_lon = sum(c[1] for c in rect_corners) / 4
            target_gps = (target_lat, target_lon, base_alt)

            params['rect_corners'] = rect_corners
            waypoints_per_drone, center_origin, rendezvous_indices = self.mission_planner.plan_formation_mission(
                drone_gps_positions, target_gps, MissionType.GRID_SWEEP,
                params=params
            )

            group.planned_waypoints = {
                'drone_ids': selected_drones,
                'waypoints': waypoints_per_drone,
                'rendezvous_indices': rendezvous_indices,
            }
            group.center_origin = center_origin
            self.show_planned_waypoints(group)

            center_lat, center_lon, _ = center_origin
            self.drone_map.draw_mission_plan_for_group(
                group.group_id, group.color,
                center_lat, center_lon, target_lat, target_lon
            )
            self._launch_verification(
                'grid_sweep', drone_gps_positions, selected_drones,
                waypoints_per_drone, center_origin, rect_corners=rect_corners
            )

            panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
            if panel:
                panel.update_status()
                panel.update_mission_info(center_lat, center_lon, target_lat, target_lon)

            total_wps = sum(len(wps) for wps in waypoints_per_drone)
            self.statusBar().showMessage(
                f"Group {group.group_id}: Grid Sweep 規劃完成，{len(selected_drones)} 台，共 {total_wps} 個航點", 5000
            )
        except Exception as e:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: Grid Sweep 規劃失敗: {str(e)}", 5000)
            traceback.print_exc()

    # ================================================================================
    # 任務規劃 — 路徑確認 (Leader-Follower)
    # ================================================================================

    def handle_route_confirmed(self, points_json):
        group = self._get_active_group()
        if not group:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("請先建立任務群組", 3000)
            return
        if group.mission_type != 'LEADER_FOLLOWER':
            return

        selected_drones = self._get_group_drones(group)
        if len(selected_drones) == 0:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: 請先分配無人機", 3000)
            return

        # LEADER_FOLLOWER：把指定的領隊放到 rank 0
        leader = getattr(group, 'leader_drone_id', None)
        if leader and leader in selected_drones:
            selected_drones = [leader] + [d for d in selected_drones if d != leader]

        _log("INFO", f"路徑確認 -> Group {group.group_id}: {points_json}")
        try:
            route_points = json.loads(points_json)
            route_waypoints = [(p[0], p[1]) for p in route_points]
        except (json.JSONDecodeError, IndexError):
            self.statusBar().showMessage("路徑座標解析失敗", 3000)
            return

        if len(route_waypoints) < 2:
            self.statusBar().showMessage("至少需要 2 個路徑點", 3000)
            return

        panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
        params = panel.get_mission_params() if panel else {}
        base_alt = params.get('altitude', 10.0)
        self.statusBar().showMessage(
            f"Group {group.group_id}: 正在規劃跟隨模式 ({len(selected_drones)} 台)", 2000)

        try:
            drone_gps_positions = self._collect_drone_gps(selected_drones, base_alt)
            if drone_gps_positions is None:
                return

            target_lat = sum(p[0] for p in route_waypoints) / len(route_waypoints)
            target_lon = sum(p[1] for p in route_waypoints) / len(route_waypoints)
            target_gps = (target_lat, target_lon, base_alt)

            params['route_waypoints'] = route_waypoints
            waypoints_per_drone, center_origin, rendezvous_indices = self.mission_planner.plan_formation_mission(
                drone_gps_positions, target_gps, MissionType.LEADER_FOLLOWER,
                params=params
            )

            group.planned_waypoints = {
                'drone_ids': selected_drones,
                'waypoints': waypoints_per_drone,
                'rendezvous_indices': rendezvous_indices,
            }
            group.center_origin = center_origin
            self.show_planned_waypoints(group)

            center_lat, center_lon, _ = center_origin
            self.drone_map.draw_mission_plan_for_group(
                group.group_id, group.color,
                center_lat, center_lon, target_lat, target_lon
            )

            self._launch_verification(
                'LEADER_FOLLOWER', drone_gps_positions, selected_drones,
                waypoints_per_drone, center_origin,
                target_gps=target_gps, route_waypoints=route_waypoints
            )

            panel = self.group_panels.get(group.group_id)
            if panel:
                panel.update_status()
                panel.update_mission_info(center_lat, center_lon, target_lat, target_lon)

            total_wps = sum(len(wps) for wps in waypoints_per_drone)
            self.statusBar().showMessage(
                f"Group {group.group_id}: 跟隨模式規劃完成，{len(selected_drones)} 台，共 {total_wps} 個航點", 5000
            )
        except Exception as e:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"Group {group.group_id}: 跟隨模式規劃失敗: {str(e)}", 5000)
            traceback.print_exc()

    # ================================================================================
    # 任務執行回呼
    # ================================================================================

    def on_drone_waypoint_reached(self, drone_id, wp_index, total):
        if wp_index >= total:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} 已完成所有航點", 3000)
        else:
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} 到達 WP {wp_index}/{total}", 2000)

    def _on_task_status_changed(self, drone_id, status, message):
        """MissionExecutor.task_status_changed slot：把 goto 失敗/重試/fallback/barrier 丟到 status bar"""
        if status == "retrying":
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} {message}", 4000)
        elif status == "fallback_loiter":
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} {message}", 8000)
        elif status == "waiting_at_barrier":
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} {message}", 3000)
        elif status == "normal":
            self.statusBar().showMessage(f"{drone_id} {message or '已恢復'}", 2000)

    # ================================================================================
    # 輔助方法
    # ================================================================================

    def _collect_drone_gps(self, selected_drones, base_alt):
        drone_gps_positions = []
        for drone_id in selected_drones:
            if hasattr(self.monitor, 'drone_gps') and drone_id in self.monitor.drone_gps:
                gps_data = self.monitor.drone_gps[drone_id]
                drone_gps_positions.append((gps_data['lat'], gps_data['lon'], gps_data.get('alt', base_alt)))
            elif drone_id in self.drone_positions:
                pos = self.drone_positions[drone_id]
                lat_drone = 24.0 + pos[1] / 111000
                lon_drone = 120.0 + pos[0] / (111000 * 0.9)
                alt_drone = pos[2] if len(pos) > 2 else base_alt
                drone_gps_positions.append((lat_drone, lon_drone, alt_drone))
            else:
                self.statusBar().showMessage(f"找不到 {drone_id} 的位置資料", 3000)
                return None
        return drone_gps_positions

    def _launch_verification(self, mission_type, drone_gps_positions, 
                              selected_drones, waypoints_per_drone, origin,
                              target_gps=None, rect_corners=None, route_waypoints=None):
        """存 JSON + 啟動 matplotlib 視覺化驗證 (獨立 process)"""
        import os
        data = {
            'mission_type': mission_type,
            'drone_ids': selected_drones,
            'drones_gps': drone_gps_positions,
            'waypoints': waypoints_per_drone,
            'origin': list(origin),
        }
        if target_gps:
            data['target'] = list(target_gps)
        if rect_corners:
            data['rect_corners'] = rect_corners
        if route_waypoints:
            data['route_waypoints'] = route_waypoints

        json_path = '/tmp/mission_plan.json'
        with open(json_path, 'w') as f:
            json.dump(data, f, indent=2)

        script_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'validation', 'verify_waypoints.py')
        subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, script_path, '--file', json_path])
        _log("INFO", f"驗證視窗已啟動: {json_path}")
    
    def show_planned_waypoints(self, group=None):
        pw = group.planned_waypoints if group else None
        if not pw:
            return
        gid = group.group_id if group else "?"
        print(f"\n{'=' * 60}")
        print(f"任務規劃結果 — Group {gid}")
        print(f"{'=' * 60}")
        drone_ids = pw['drone_ids']
        waypoints = pw['waypoints']
        print(f"\n共 {len(drone_ids)} 台無人機")
        for i, drone_id in enumerate(drone_ids):
            wps = waypoints[i]
            print(f"\n【{drone_id}】({len(wps)} 個航點)")
            for j, wp in enumerate(wps):
                print(f"  WP{j}: ({wp[0]:.6f}°, {wp[1]:.6f}°, {wp[2]:.1f}m)")
        print(f"\n{'=' * 60}")
    
    def update_field(self, panel, drone_id, field, text, color=None):
        if isinstance(panel, DronePanel):
            panel.update_field(field, text, color)

    def update_overview_table(self, drone_id=None, field=None, value=None):
        if not hasattr(self, 'overview_table') or self.overview_table is None: return
        self.overview_table.set_drones(self.drones)
        self.overview_table.update_table(drone_id, field, value)
    
    def get_socket_id(self, drone_id):
        import re
        match = re.match(r's(\d+)_(\d+)', drone_id)
        return match.group(1) if match else 'unknown'

    def add_drone(self, drone_id):
        if drone_id in self.drones: return
        socket_id = self.get_socket_id(drone_id)
        panel = self.create_drone_panel(drone_id)
        self.drones[drone_id] = panel
        if socket_id not in self.socket_groups:
            self.socket_groups[socket_id] = self.create_socket_group_panel(socket_id)
        self.socket_groups[socket_id].drones_layout.addWidget(panel)
        self.reorganize_socket_groups()
        self.update_overview_table()
        # 同步新 drone 到 UI
        self.refresh_selection_ui()

    def reorganize_socket_groups(self):
        while self.drone_panel_layout.count():
            w = self.drone_panel_layout.takeAt(0).widget()
            if w: w.setParent(None)
        for socket_id, group_panel in self.socket_groups.items():
            group_drones = [did for did in self.drones.keys() if self.get_socket_id(did) == socket_id]
            while group_panel.drones_layout.count():
                w = group_panel.drones_layout.takeAt(0).widget()
                if w: w.setParent(None)
            def sort_key(x):
                parts = x[1:].split('_')
                return (int(parts[0]), int(parts[1]))
            for did in sorted(group_drones, key=sort_key):
                group_panel.drones_layout.addWidget(self.drones[did])
        for socket_id in sorted(self.socket_groups.keys(), key=lambda x: int(x)):
            self.drone_panel_layout.addWidget(self.socket_groups[socket_id])

    def _update_panel_and_map(self):
        """30Hz 定時更新 panel 和 map，批量更新 UI 以避免過度重繪"""
        if not hasattr(self, '_message_cache') or not self._message_cache:
            return
        
        # 頻率監控
        if not hasattr(self, '_map_update_time'):
            self._map_update_time = time.time()
            self._map_update_count = 0
        
        self._map_update_count += 1
        now = time.time()
        if now - self._map_update_time >= 1.0:
            self._map_update_time = now
            self._map_update_count = 0
        
        # ✅ 步驟 1: 暫停表格的即時重繪
        if hasattr(self, 'overview_table') and self.overview_table:
            self.overview_table.setUpdatesEnabled(False)
        
        try:
            start_time = time.time()
            
            # ✅ 步驟 2: 遍歷快取中最新的資料來更新 UI
            for drone_id in list(self._message_cache.keys()):
                if drone_id not in self.drones:
                    continue
                
                panel = self.drones[drone_id]
                cached_data = self._message_cache[drone_id]
                
                # 處理所有快取的消息類型
                for msg_type, data in cached_data.items():
                    if msg_type == 'state':
                        mode = data.get('mode', 'UNKNOWN')
                        armed = data.get('armed', None)
                        mode_color = '#FF5555' if any(x in mode.upper() for x in ['RTL', '返航', 'EMERGENCY']) else '#55FF55'
                        if armed is True:
                            arm_text, arm_color = "ARMED", '#55FF55'
                        elif armed is False:
                            arm_text, arm_color = "DISARMED", '#FF5555'
                        else:
                            arm_text, arm_color = "--", '#AAAAAA'
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'mode', mode, mode_color)
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'armed', arm_text, arm_color)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'mode', mode)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'armed', arm_text)
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'battery':
                        voltage = data.get('voltage', 16)
                        cells = round(voltage / 3.95)
                        percentage = (voltage / cells - 3.7) / 0.5 * 100 if cells > 0 else 0
                        if percentage < 20: voltage_color = '#FF6464'
                        elif percentage < 50: voltage_color = '#FFA500'
                        else: voltage_color = '#FFFFFF'
                        percentage = data.get('percentage', percentage)
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'battery_pct', f"{percentage:.0f}%", voltage_color)
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'battery_vol', f"{voltage:.2f}V")
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'battery_cells', f"{cells}S")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'battery', f"{voltage:.2f}V")
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'altitude':
                        altitude = data.get('altitude', 0)
                        text = f"{altitude:.1f} m"
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'altitude', text)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'altitude', text)
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'local_pose':
                        x, y = data.get('x', 0), data.get('y', 0)
                        if not hasattr(self.monitor, 'drone_local'):
                            self.monitor.drone_local = {}
                        self.monitor.drone_local[drone_id] = {'x': x, 'y': y}
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'local', f"{x:.1f}, {y:.1f}")
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'loss_rate':
                        text = f"{data.get('loss_rate', 0):.1f}%"
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'loss_rate', text)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'loss_rate', text)
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'ping':
                        text = f"{data.get('ping', 0):.1f} ms"
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'ping', text)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'ping', text)
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'velocity':
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'velocity', f"{data['vx']:.1f}, {data['vy']:.1f}")
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'attitude':
                        roll, pitch, yaw = data.get('roll', 0), data.get('pitch', 0), data.get('yaw', 0)
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'roll', f"{roll:.1f}°")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'pitch', f"{pitch:.1f}°")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'yaw', f"{yaw:.1f}°")
                        panel._last_roll = roll
                        panel._last_pitch = pitch
                        if hasattr(panel, 'update_attitude'):
                            heading = self.drone_headings.get(drone_id, yaw)
                            panel.update_attitude(heading, roll, pitch)
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'gps':
                        gps_data = data
                        lat, lon = gps_data.get('lat', 0), gps_data.get('lon', 0)
                        self.drone_positions[drone_id] = (lat, lon)
                        alt = gps_data.get('alt', 0)
                        if not hasattr(self.monitor, 'drone_gps'):
                            self.monitor.drone_gps = {}
                        self.monitor.drone_gps[drone_id] = {'lat': lat, 'lon': lon, 'alt': alt}
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'latitude', f"{lat:.6f}°")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'longitude', f"{lon:.6f}°")
                    
                    elif msg_type == 'hud':
                        hud_data = data
                        heading = hud_data.get('heading', 0)
                        self.drone_headings[drone_id] = heading
                        groundspeed = hud_data.get('groundspeed', 0)
                        airspeed = hud_data.get('airspeed', 0)
                        throttle = hud_data.get('throttle', 0)
                        hud_alt = hud_data.get('alt', 0)
                        climb = hud_data.get('climb', 0)
                        
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'heading', f"{heading:.1f}°")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'groundspeed', f"{groundspeed:.1f} m/s" if isinstance(groundspeed, (int, float)) else "--")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'airspeed', f"{airspeed:.1f} m/s" if isinstance(airspeed, (int, float)) else "--")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'throttle', f"{throttle:.0f}%" if isinstance(throttle, (int, float)) else "--")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'hud_alt', f"{hud_alt:.1f} m" if isinstance(hud_alt, (int, float)) else "--")
                        self.update_overview_table(drone_id, 'climb', f"{climb:.1f} m/s" if isinstance(climb, (int, float)) else "--")
                        
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'heading', f"{heading:.1f}°")
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'groundspeed', f"{groundspeed:.1f} m/s" if isinstance(groundspeed, (int, float)) else "--")
                        self.update_field(panel, drone_id, 'speed', f"{groundspeed:.1f} m/s" if isinstance(groundspeed, (int, float)) else "--")
                        
                        if drone_id in self.drone_positions:
                            lat, lon = self.drone_positions[drone_id]
                            self.drone_map.update_drone_position(drone_id, lat, lon, heading)
            
            elapsed = (time.time() - start_time) * 1000
            if elapsed > 33:
                _log("WARN", f"UI 更新耗時 {elapsed:.1f}ms (目標 <33ms)")
        
        finally:
            # ✅ 步驟 3: 恢復表格重繪（所有資料已填好，一次性重繪）
            if hasattr(self, 'overview_table') and self.overview_table:
                self.overview_table.setUpdatesEnabled(True)
                self.overview_table.viewport().update()



    def _process_message_queue(self):
        """處理來自後台線程的消息隊列（更新 GUI 狀態欄）"""
        try:
            while True:
                try:
                    message, duration = self.message_queue.get_nowait()
                    self.statusBar().showMessage(message, duration)
                except:
                    break
        except Exception as e:
            _log("ERROR", f"訊息佇列處理錯誤: {e}")
            traceback.print_exc()

    def _spin_asyncio(self):
        """驅動 asyncio 事件循環，允許異步任務執行
        
        關鍵修復：asyncio 事件循環不會自動運行。
        這個定時器會定期執行事件循環，讓 run_coroutine_threadsafe() 提交的任務能夠執行。
        """
        try:
            loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
            if loop and not loop.is_closed() and not loop.is_running():
                # 執行事件循環直到沒有掛起的任務或超時
                # 使用 run_until_complete() 配合一個快速返回的 coroutine
                loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.sleep(0))
        except Exception as e:
            # 靜默忽略任何錯誤，防止 Qt 定時器出現異常
            # 但仍然打印詳細的堆棧跟踪以便調試
            traceback.print_exc()

    def spin_ros(self):
        try:
            # 仅在 ROS2 正常工作时才尝试 spin
            if rclpy.ok():
                self.executor.spin_once(timeout_sec=0.01)
                for (drone_id, msg_type), data in self.monitor.latest_data.items():
                    self.monitor.signals.update_signal.emit(msg_type, drone_id, data)
                self.monitor.latest_data.clear()
        except RuntimeError as e:
            # ROS2 context 被破坏或不可用
            if "Context" in str(e) or "context" in str(e).lower():
                _log("WARN", f"ROS2 context 錯誤（已忽略）: {e}")
            else:
                _log("ERROR", f"ROS spin error: {e}")
                traceback.print_exc()
        except Exception as e:
            _log("ERROR", f"ROS spin error: {e}")
            traceback.print_exc()

    def closeEvent(self, event):
        self._restore_stream_redirector()
        try:
            for group in self.mission_groups.values():
                if group.executor:
                    group.executor.stop()
            self.command_sender.close()
            for receiver in self.udp_receivers:
                receiver.stop()
            for receiver in self.monitor.ws_receivers:
                receiver.stop()
            # Clean up serial receivers
            for receiver in self.monitor.serial_receivers:
                receiver.stop()
            # Clean up all CommandLongClient instances
            for drone_id, client in self.monitor.command_long_clients.items():
                try:
                    client.destroy_node()
                except:
                    pass
            # Clean up all PositionTargetGlobalIntClient instances
            for drone_id, client in getattr(self.monitor, 'position_target_clients', {}).items():
                try:
                    client.destroy_node()
                except:
                    pass
            self.monitor.destroy_node()
            self.executor.shutdown()
        except Exception as e:
            _log("WARN", f"清理資源時發生錯誤: {e}")
            traceback.print_exc()
        
        # 安全地 shutdown ROS2
        try:
            if rclpy.ok():
                rclpy.shutdown()
        except RuntimeError as e:
            _log("WARN", f"ROS2 shutdown 錯誤: {e}")
            traceback.print_exc()
        
        event.accept()


def main():
    """
    GUI 應用程式的主入口點
    
    標準 ROS2 + Qt 架構：
    1. 在最外層/最前面只做一次 rclpy.init()
    2. 啟動 Qt 應用程式
    3. 在 finally 中做 rclpy.shutdown()
    
    這樣可以確保所有 ROS2 相關操作都共享同一個初始化狀態
    """
    # 第一步：在最外層只初始化一次 ROS2（終極防護）
    # 添加 rclpy.ok() 檢查，防止重複初始化導致 "Context.init() must only be called once" 錯誤
    _log("INFO", "GUI 主程式檢查 ROS2 初始化狀態")
    if not rclpy.ok():
        _log("INFO", "ROS2 尚未初始化，開始初始化")
        rclpy.init()
        _log("INFO", "ROS2 已完成全域初始化")
    else:
        _log("INFO", "ROS2 已初始化，略過重複初始化")
    
    try:
        # 第二步：啟動 Qt 應用程式
        _log("INFO", "啟動 Qt 應用程式")
        app = QApplication(sys.argv)
        station = ControlStationUI()
        station.show()
        _log("INFO", "應用程式已啟動")
        
        # 第三步：進入 Qt 事件循環（阻塞直到用戶關閉應用）
        _log("INFO", "進入主事件循環")
        sys.exit(app.exec())
        
    finally:
        # 第四步：只有當 GUI 視窗被關閉時，才做 ROS2 cleanup（終極防護）
        # 這裡確保 ROS2 被正確且安全地關閉
        _log("INFO", "應用程式關閉，開始清理 ROS2 資源")
        if rclpy.ok():
            rclpy.shutdown()
            _log("INFO", "ROS2 已安全關閉")
        else:
            _log("INFO", "ROS2 已關閉或不可用，無需重複 shutdown")
        _log("INFO", "應用程式已完全退出")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()