#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ 飛行任務規劃模組 負責將 GPS 點擊座標轉換為隊形飛行任務 """ import math from typing import List, Tuple, Optional class CoordinateConverter: """GPS 座標與 Local 座標的轉換器""" def __init__(self, origin_lat: float, origin_lon: float, origin_alt: float = 0): """ 初始化座標轉換器 Args: origin_lat: 參考原點緯度 origin_lon: 參考原點經度 origin_alt: 參考原點高度(公尺,相對於海平面) """ self.origin_lat = origin_lat self.origin_lon = origin_lon self.origin_alt = origin_alt self.R = 6371000.0 # 地球半徑(公尺) def gps_to_local(self, lat: float, lon: float, alt: float) -> Tuple[float, float, float]: """ GPS 座標轉換為 Local 座標(ENU 系統:East-North-Up) Args: lat: 緯度 lon: 經度 alt: 高度(公尺,相對於海平面) Returns: (x, y, z): Local 座標(公尺) x: East(東方) y: North(北方) z: Up(向上) """ lat_rad = math.radians(lat) lon_rad = math.radians(lon) origin_lat_rad = math.radians(self.origin_lat) origin_lon_rad = math.radians(self.origin_lon) dlat = lat_rad - origin_lat_rad dlon = lon_rad - origin_lon_rad # 使用 Equirectangular projection(適用於小範圍 < 10 km) x = self.R * dlon * math.cos((lat_rad + origin_lat_rad) / 2) # East y = self.R * dlat # North z = alt - self.origin_alt # Up return x, y, z def local_to_gps(self, x: float, y: float, z: float) -> Tuple[float, float, float]: """ Local 座標轉換為 GPS 座標 Args: x: East(東方,公尺) y: North(北方,公尺) z: Up(向上,公尺) Returns: (lat, lon, alt): GPS 座標 """ origin_lat_rad = math.radians(self.origin_lat) origin_lon_rad = math.radians(self.origin_lon) lat_rad = origin_lat_rad + (y / self.R) lon_rad = origin_lon_rad + (x / (self.R * math.cos((lat_rad + origin_lat_rad) / 2))) lat = math.degrees(lat_rad) lon = math.degrees(lon_rad) alt = self.origin_alt + z return lat, lon, alt class FormationPlanner: """隊形規劃器""" def __init__(self, spacing: float = 5.0, base_altitude: float = 10.0, altitude_diff: float = 2.0): """ 初始化隊形規劃器 Args: spacing: 無人機間距(公尺) base_altitude: 基準飛行高度(公尺,相對於參考原點) altitude_diff: M 字形的高低差(公尺) """ self.spacing = spacing self.base_altitude = base_altitude self.altitude_diff = altitude_diff self.current_origin = None self.converter = None def plan_formation_mission(self, drone_gps_positions: List[Tuple[float, float, float]], target_gps: Tuple[float, float, float]) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[float, float, float]], List[Tuple[float, float, float]]]: """ 規劃兩階段隊形任務 Args: drone_gps_positions: 當前無人機 GPS 位置列表 [(lat, lon, alt), ...] target_gps: 目標點 GPS 座標 (lat, lon, alt) Returns: stage1_gps: 階段 1(集合點)的 GPS 航點列表 stage2_gps: 階段 2(目標點)的 GPS 航點列表 origin: 中心點(參考原點)的 GPS 座標 (lat, lon, alt) origin: 中心點(參考原點)的 GPS 座標 (lat, lon, alt) """ if len(drone_gps_positions) == 0: raise ValueError("無人機位置列表不能為空") # ===== 步驟 1: 計算中央點並設為參考原點 ===== center_lat = sum(pos[0] for pos in drone_gps_positions) / len(drone_gps_positions) center_lon = sum(pos[1] for pos in drone_gps_positions) / len(drone_gps_positions) center_alt = sum(pos[2] for pos in drone_gps_positions) / len(drone_gps_positions) self.current_origin = (center_lat, center_lon, center_alt) self.converter = CoordinateConverter(center_lat, center_lon, center_alt) print(f"📍 參考原點: ({center_lat:.6f}, {center_lon:.6f}, {center_alt:.1f}m)") # ===== 步驟 2: 轉換到 Local 座標系 ===== drone_local_positions = [] for lat, lon, alt in drone_gps_positions: x, y, z = self.converter.gps_to_local(lat, lon, alt) drone_local_positions.append((x, y, z)) target_local = self.converter.gps_to_local( target_gps[0], target_gps[1], target_gps[2] ) # ===== 步驟 3: 在 Local 座標系中計算隊形 ===== stage1_local, stage2_local = self._calculate_formation_local( drone_local_positions, target_local ) # ===== 步驟 4: 轉回 GPS 座標 ===== stage1_gps = [] for x, y, z in stage1_local: lat, lon, alt = self.converter.local_to_gps(x, y, z) stage1_gps.append((lat, lon, alt)) stage2_gps = [] for x, y, z in stage2_local: lat, lon, alt = self.converter.local_to_gps(x, y, z) stage2_gps.append((lat, lon, alt)) print(f"✅ 任務規劃完成: {len(stage1_gps)} 台無人機,2 階段飛行") # ================================================================================ # 【修改】回傳中心點座標供地圖視覺化使用 # ================================================================================ return stage1_gps, stage2_gps, self.current_origin # ================================================================================ def _calculate_formation_local(self, drone_positions: List[Tuple[float, float, float]], target_point: Tuple[float, float, float]) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[float, float, float]], List[Tuple[float, float, float]]]: """ 在 Local 座標系中計算隊形 Args: drone_positions: Local 座標的無人機位置 [(x, y, z), ...] target_point: Local 座標的目標點 (x, y, z) Returns: stage1_positions: 階段 1(中央點分佈)的 Local 座標 stage2_positions: 階段 2(目標點分佈)的 Local 座標 """ N = len(drone_positions) # ===== 步驟 1: 計算中央點(在 Local 座標系中應該接近原點)===== C_x = sum(pos[0] for pos in drone_positions) / N C_y = sum(pos[1] for pos in drone_positions) / N C_z = sum(pos[2] for pos in drone_positions) / N print(f" 中央點 Local: ({C_x:.2f}, {C_y:.2f}, {C_z:.2f})") # ===== 步驟 2: 計算方向向量(中央點 → 目標點)===== T_x, T_y, T_z = target_point V_x = T_x - C_x V_y = T_y - C_y print(f" 方向向量: ({V_x:.2f}, {V_y:.2f})") # ===== 步驟 3: 計算垂直向量(逆時針旋轉 90°)===== P_x = -V_y P_y = V_x # 單位化垂直向量 length = math.sqrt(P_x**2 + P_y**2) if length < 0.01: # 避免除以零 # 如果目標點與中央點重合,使用默認方向(向東) P_x_unit, P_y_unit = 1.0, 0.0 else: P_x_unit = P_x / length P_y_unit = P_y / length print(f" 垂直單位向量: ({P_x_unit:.3f}, {P_y_unit:.3f})") # ===== 步驟 4: 計算無人機在垂直方向的投影並排序 ===== projections = [] for i, pos in enumerate(drone_positions): relative_x = pos[0] - C_x relative_y = pos[1] - C_y projection = relative_x * P_x_unit + relative_y * P_y_unit projections.append((projection, i)) # 按投影值排序(保持左右順序) projections.sort() sorted_indices = [idx for _, idx in projections] print(f" 排序後的無人機索引: {sorted_indices}") # ===== 步驟 5: 分佈無人機位置 ===== stage1_positions = [None] * N # 預分配列表 stage2_positions = [None] * N for rank, original_idx in enumerate(sorted_indices): # 計算相對中心的水平偏移 offset = (rank - (N - 1) / 2) * self.spacing # 計算 M 字形高度(交替高低) if rank % 2 == 0: altitude = self.base_altitude + self.altitude_diff # 高 else: altitude = self.base_altitude - self.altitude_diff # 低 # 階段 1:在中央點附近分佈 stage1_x = C_x + P_x_unit * offset stage1_y = C_y + P_y_unit * offset stage1_z = altitude # 階段 2:在目標點附近分佈(保持相同的相對位置) stage2_x = T_x + P_x_unit * offset stage2_y = T_y + P_y_unit * offset stage2_z = altitude # 按照原始索引存儲(保持無人機 ID 順序) stage1_positions[original_idx] = (stage1_x, stage1_y, stage1_z) stage2_positions[original_idx] = (stage2_x, stage2_y, stage2_z) return stage1_positions, stage2_positions def update_parameters(self, spacing: Optional[float] = None, base_altitude: Optional[float] = None, altitude_diff: Optional[float] = None): """ 更新隊形參數 Args: spacing: 無人機間距(公尺) base_altitude: 基準飛行高度(公尺) altitude_diff: M 字形的高低差(公尺) """ if spacing is not None: self.spacing = spacing print(f" 間距更新為: {spacing} m") if base_altitude is not None: self.base_altitude = base_altitude print(f" 基準高度更新為: {base_altitude} m") if altitude_diff is not None: self.altitude_diff = altitude_diff print(f" 高低差更新為: {altitude_diff} m") # ===== 測試程式碼 ===== if __name__ == "__main__": print("=" * 60) print("隊形任務規劃器測試") print("=" * 60) # 模擬 5 台無人機的 GPS 位置 drone_gps = [ (24.123450, 120.567800, 100.0), # 無人機 0 (24.123470, 120.567820, 102.0), # 無人機 1 (24.123440, 120.567810, 98.0), # 無人機 2 (24.123460, 120.567830, 101.0), # 無人機 3 (24.123445, 120.567795, 99.0), # 無人機 4 ] # 目標點 target_gps = (24.123600, 120.568000, 105.0) # 建立規劃器 planner = FormationPlanner( spacing=5.0, # 5 公尺間距 base_altitude=10.0, # 基準高度 10 公尺 altitude_diff=2.0 # 高低差 2 公尺 ) # 規劃任務 print("\n開始規劃任務...") stage1, stage2 = planner.plan_formation_mission(drone_gps, target_gps) # 顯示結果 print("\n" + "=" * 60) print("階段 1:集合點位置(GPS)") print("=" * 60) for i, (lat, lon, alt) in enumerate(stage1): print(f"無人機 {i}: ({lat:.6f}, {lon:.6f}, {alt:.1f}m)") print("\n" + "=" * 60) print("階段 2:目標點位置(GPS)") print("=" * 60) for i, (lat, lon, alt) in enumerate(stage2): print(f"無人機 {i}: ({lat:.6f}, {lon:.6f}, {alt:.1f}m)") print("\n✅ 測試完成!")